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- Product Certificates
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24 YRS
First Solar, Inc.
First Solar knows that clean affordable solar electricity is an essential part of the worldwide energy mix. That’s why First Solar leads the way with the lowest carbon footprint, lowest water usage and fastest energy payback of any PV technology.
First Solar is committed to producing the industry’s best thin film PV modules while maintaining a safe and secure environment for our associates. Their innovative manufacturing process transforms a sheet of glass into a complete solar panel in less than 3.5 hours, and utilizes 98 percent fewer semiconductor materials than conventional crystalline silicon production. Unparalleled experience around the globe First Solar has developed, [...]
- Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- Vietnam, United States, Australia
Creating a world sustained by clean energy requires education, transparency, and trust. At SolarCellz USA, we invest in business solutions to reduce customer risk and the partner education that empowers their decision-making. We’re building smarter customers and a smarter marketplace.
- MPPT Charge Controller, Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Grid Tie Inverters, Mobile Inverters, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
Earthtech is the go-to partner for businesses and organizations that want to cut operating costs, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and support a cleaner, healthier environment. Headquartered in Ontario, CA, the Company is led by a highly-experienced team of engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) experts that have developed over 3,000 commercial and residential solar projects over the last decade. Products and services Earthtech [...]
- Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
1 YRS
Source Energy Developers LLC
Introduce the US and world to Advanced Energy Storage with our solid state graphene supercapacitors.
Source Energy Developers is a full-service, solutions-based green energy company that services companies and households nationwide. We are headquartered in Denver, Colorado, and have over 30 years of experience in green energy solutions. An engineering agnostic approach gives us a wide range of expertise from installation, maintenance programs, inspections, and efficiency. We are proud to state our scope can withhold any size facility no matter [...]
Worldwide Energy and Manufacturing USA Co., Ltd (Amerisolar) Amerisolar (Worldwide Energy and Manufacturing USA Co., Ltd), is a professional solar module manufacturer with a 28-year experience in production and quality control since 1993. Amerisolar is also a provider of technical services for solar power plant (on-grid and off-grid), including technical design, installation and maintenance, for customers all over the world. In August [...]
Schletter Inc.
“Sustainable solutions to ensure a smooth and efficient transition to renewable energy”
SCHLETTER GROUP envisions a world where economic progress occurs in harmony with the sustainability of the environment. We demonstrate our commitment as one of the world’s leading solar mounting system manufacturers with operations all over the planet. Our professional-quality solar mounting systems are built with the most durable materials, designed with an impressive load capacity, and tailored to ensure the easiest possible installation. A [...]
Focus on solar lighting products. Main supply: solar lights, courtyard lights, stadium lights, solar panels, MPPT solar charge controllers. We are committed to developing and selling a street lamp that fully saves energy, saves money, and brings convenience and thoughtful use to human beings.Almost all of our products are equipped with motion sensors that automatically light up when you appear within the sensing range. LANGY Lights' [...]
23 YRS
First Sunergy LLC
First Sunergy LLC committed to do our best to provide the best quality solar products for our customers and have very competitive pricing and the best customer service for our customers. We know our product manufactures and our customer's needs. Our solar panel manufacture is a top notch in the solar industry manufacturing from ingots, wafers, cells and all the way to the solar panels; It has world class teams of R&D and have a high prestige [...]
3 YRS
Sunergy USA Works
Founded in 2008, Sunergy is located in Feidong economic development zone. It is a high-tech enterprise engaged in research and development, production, sales and service of solar modules, photovoltaic power generation systems investment, operation, maintenance, design and procurement of photovoltaic power station. At present, the company has an annual production capacity of 3GW components and an annual installation capacity of 1GW power [...]
13 YRS
S-5! Metal Roof Attachments
Find the Right Clamp & Brackets for Your Metal Roof Profile S-5! products are backed by years of rigorous testing. The versatility, simplicity, and strength make S-5! standing seam roof clamps perfect for snow guards, solar and utility mounting solutions. Our online Clamp-to-Seam Tool searches through all of our known test data, providing the most up-to-date technical information available for your [...]
3 YRS
American Solar Wholesale
American Solar Wholesale vertical manufacturing insures strict quality control. We manufacture poly and mono ingots, wafers, cells, and modules, with both ARRA and regular product lines. Our vertical integration insures one of the lowest claims rates in the industry, with no warranty claims in both 2010 and 2011, and only 3 modules total claimed under our warranty in 2012!
SunLink Corporation (also known as COROSOLAR) brings powerful solar energy solutions to market through innovative, highly engineered products and in-demand customer services that make solar PV electricity easier, safer, more reliable and less expensive to install. In addition to manufacturing well-designed products that are agile in their implementation, the company leverages unparalleled R&D, a legacy of more than a GW of successful [...]
2 YRS
Aerocompact Mounting
The company was founded in 2014 by Mathias Muther. Specialized in the production of aerodynamic substructures for the photovoltaic industry, the company grew rapidly. The company focused on the manufacture and sale of PV racking for flat roofs without direct connection and the Aerotool design software, which is available online free of charge for every customer. Fastening solutions for pitched roofs or ground-mounted systems now round off the [...]
- Mounting System, Ballasted Mounting Solar System, Roof Mount Systems, Tile Roof Mounting System, Solar Panel
- United States
- Austria
At AIMS Power, our mission is to be leaders in the design and development of off-grid and renewable energy.
We sell our signature DC to AC inverters, solar panels, deep-cycle batteries, solar charge controllers, and more to some of the most innovative companies and organizations across the US and worldwide. What’s more, we strive to provide the best quality products and unbeatable customer service and tech support to match.
3 YRS
Solar Call LLC
Solar Call is a manufacturer of photovoltaic modules, successfully working on major international markets, offering to its customers high performance solutions in compliance with the most restrictive quality standards required by leading certification bodies worldwide. Solar Call ensures excellent products at competitive prices: From cell’s stringing to panel lamination to test phase, every phase of the process takes place in accordance with [...]
39 YRS
SunPower Corp.
We believe clean energy and storage should be accessible to everybody. That's why SunPower designs all-in-one residential and commercial solutions backed by personal customer service and the industry's most comprehensive warranty. And with over 35 years of dedicated solar experience, we're the only U.S.-based solar company that's been around longer than our 25-year warranty.
Alps Technology Inc designs, manufacturers and makes solar cell and solar module products for commercial, industrial and telecommucation applications worldwide. The Los Angeles- base company has combined twelve years as a leader in compact-disk and personal computer manufacturers with world-calss solar technology to offer unparalleled high-efficient solar cells and solar modules that produce reliable and affordable “green” power and [...]
Futuresolar, FutureSolar Group Co., Ltd, is a professional solar module manufacturer with a experience in production and quality control since 2015. Futuresolar is also a provider of technical services for solar power plant (on-grid and off-grid), including technical design, installation and maintenance,for customers all over the world. To serve global customers, Futuresolar adjusted its strategy and started to cooperate with the [...]
3 YRS
SBM Solar, Inc
SBM Solar is a pioneer in the research, development, and manufacturing of non-glass solar technology. Located in North Carolina, SBM Solar's PV panels are: - 40-50% lighter than glass panels (perfect for applications or roofs with weight restrictions) - Shatterproof and durable (IEC certified for hail impact resistance) - More transparent than glass, thus more efficient with less glare - Customizable and building integration [...]
Founded in 2010, KB Racking specializes in providing ballasted and anchored solar racking systems for flat roof commercial projects, as well as customized solutions for metal roofs. We work closely with our customers to provide a smooth and seamless experience throughout the entire project cycle.
- Mounting System, Ground Mount Systems, Rail Mounting System, Roof Mount Systems
- United States
- United States
Chilicon’s power inversion and monitoring system technology maximizes PV system production, lowers installer operational cost, and promotes end-user satisfaction.
Our Microinverters and Gateway are designed and manufactured in California.
Create ready to use renewable energy at competitive prices on an innovative solar platform
Provide revolutionary solutions in renewable energy and agriculture at the most accessible level
13 YRS
Silfab Solar Inc.
Silfab Solar is the North American manufacturing leader in the design and development of ultra-high-efficiency, premium-quality solar panels. Silfab leverages more than 40 years of solar experience and operates out of facilities in Bellingham and Burlington, Washington and Toronto, Canada. All of our locations feature fully automated, ISO certified production lines and utilize just-in-time manufacturing to deliver millions of North American-made [...]
3 YRS
Usol Energy
We develops, manufactures, and delivers the world’s most reliable and cost-effective solar energy solutions. Our goal is to provide reliable access, from private residences to global corporations, to nature's cleanest and most abundant energy source.
8 YRS
HQST Solar
HQST is a company engaged in solar energy since 2015. We are committed to bringing solar energy to millions of people with affordable and renewable energy products. By continuous innovation and development, we offer the most affordable and reliable energy products includes all types of solar panels, solar starter kits for customers new to solar, charge controllers, batteries, inverters, mounts and accessories. Wish everyone who love clean energy [...]
3 YRS
ICellpower
ICellpower is a world leader in the development, manufacturing and marketing of inverters,deep cycle batteries for the alternative energy market. With our R & D team in Hong Kong and production line in Shenzhen, we are constantly working towards pioneering cutting edge technology for alternative energy solutions. We manufacture high Inverters,deep cycle batteries . ICellpower Inverter/chargers are available for various [...]
SanTan Solar is a family-owned and operated business. When Bob and Minnie started SanTan Solar, they were working in the electronic refurbishing industry. One day, they came across some used solar panels that were sent to be recycled. Bob, an engineer, realized these solar panels could be repaired instead of just recycled and ground to dust. They offer a broad selection of products with a commitment to complete customer satisfaction, from [...]
- Charge Controllers, MPPT Charge Controller, Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Grid Tie Inverters, Inverter Remote, Off Grid Inverters, Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- United States
3 YRS
Sun-In-One
Sun-In-One™ is dedicated to engineering the most efficient solar-powered plug and play kit solutions for every-day applications such as our solar sign lighting kits, security camera power unit kits, solar shed lighting and power kits, bus shelter lighting kits, mail box lighting kits, traffic counting power unit kits, Sun-in-One Sky Eye streetlights, and landscape lighting power units kits. Where reliable energy is critical, our [...]
Our roots at Zamp Solar® came from humble beginnings where we sold off-grid solar kits from a small garage in 2010. In less than one year, we grew into a 2,500 square foot facility. Demand quickly increased and our team recognized a need in the RV market for high-quality off-grid solar solutions. In response we developed a strong network of dealers. In the short ten years of rapid growth, Zamp Solar® quickly expanded from an exclusive RV [...]
ABi-Solar produces components for photovoltaic systems from 2013. The main products are photovoltaic panels, inverters and electrical protection for them, charge controllers. The main sales markets as of 2017 are Eastern Europe The company has received the greatest development and a significant share in one of the fastest growing European markets – Ukrainian. Since 2017 ABi-Solar produces poly and monocrystalline PV modules only at the [...]
3 YRS
Sunceco
Increasing evidence of climate change is forcing businesses to play an active role in reducing sustainability burdens and preserving resources for future generations. We believe that we are actively contributing to environmental awareness and provide our customers the benefits of green energy. Innovative technology in the field of solar energy brings on the market advanced, technically improved products. They are characterized by higher energy [...]
Leading manufacturer of products & accessories for Wi-Fi and wireless networks. A Hubbell company.
CyboEnergy is the developer of the world's first solar power Mini-Inverter, CyboInverter, which possesses the key merits of both central inverters and microinverters. CyboEnergy offers on-grid, off-grid, on/off-grid, dual-output off-grid, and AC assisted off-grid CyboInverters. CyboEnergy’s unique and patented battery-less off-grid CyboInverters for electric water heaters and AC Assisted Off-Grid CyboInverters can help solve the grid “Duck [...]
ACOPower is an established company based in Los Angeles dedicated to providing off-grid and portable power solutions to the market. The team members strive to satisfy the needs of our diverse group of customers ranging from campers, RV or boat owners, survivalists to disaster relief workers. With 9 years of experience, we are confident that you will enjoy our new product and we can’t wait to hear what you think!
A Classic American Manufacturing Success Story Advanced Power Inc. (API) was built from humble beginnings and thrives in small Oklahoma towns. We got our start in Canton in 1988, and have since grown into a state-of-the-art facility in Weatherford. That growth makes API one of the largest and most trusted companies in the solar pumping industry today. It’s a success story we’ve worked hard to earn, and continue to write every day. Thousands [...]
At Alencon Systems, we are passionate about power. We were founded by world leading power electronics experts who wanted to apply their unique level of knowledge and experience to help alternative energy become even more cost competitive with other forms of generation. It is our mission to help commercial, industrial and utility-scale power producers generate cleaner power through the incorporation of technologies like solar, battery energy [...]
3 YRS
Rich Solar Inc
Founded in 2005, RICH SOLAR is the leading supplier of off-grid solar equipment for RV, agriculture, off-grid housing, marine, light industrial and heavy equipment, provides solar panels and other equipment, including solar charge controllers, inverters, batteries and complete do-it-yourself solar kits. We’d love to work with you to create the perfect solar solution for your product or industry. Lead your industry and increase product value by [...]
3 YRS
SunPerfect Solar, Inc.
Sunperfect Solar, Inc. is a turnkey, full service, solar panel manufacturing and engineering company based in Silicon Valley, California. We have fulfillment warehouse in both South San Francisco and Torrance in California. We are ready to ship out products per your request. Our solar module is certified to UL1703 and shown on CEC listing. Our factory is Shanghai Chaori Solar Energy Science & Technology Co., Ltd which was established since [...]
3 YRS
ZOI Solar
We specialize in bringing you the latest and best solar power systems available. We have been recognized as leaders in solar-progressive.
3 YRS
Royall Power
We provide alternative energy products for homes and businesses using renewable energy sources
• Solar Power
• Wind Power
• Generators
• Electric Vehicles
Powering your home or businesses using renewable solar energy and wind turbine systems make economic and environmental sense.
First and foremost, Ameresco Solar is a design, engineering, and solar integration company that specializes in creating custom off-grid systems. We excel in developing both small and large scale systems for industrial customers in oil and gas, railroad, telecommunications, security, water pumping and management, traffic, and other sectors.
At SunSpark Tech, our focus is on delivering unsurpassed value to customers. By housing all operations – including manufacturing, product assembly, distribution, finance, sales and customer service – under one roof, the company consistently achieves high quality control and customer satisfaction levels. It also minimizes costs, enabling our products to remain highly competitive in terms of the price/value equation. SunSpark’s commitment to [...]
CD Technologies delivers world-class power solutions for mission-critical industrial applications. A trusted power solutions partner, we have been driving industry for more than 100 years, manufacturing and supporting innovative systems for the conversion and storage of electrical power. A global leader in energy storage solutions and services for the telecommunications, utility, uninterruptible power supply, cable, broadband and renewable [...]
3 YRS
Lumos Solar, LLC
Lumos was founded in 2006 with the intention to build a business whose products and services make a positive and lasting contribution to the world. Solar technology is proven and reliable and here today to make the transition to clean, renewable energy. Lumos is committed to facilitating the widespread adoption of solar energy and believe it is an imperative for the future health of our children and our planet. Lumos products and services enable [...]
Colored Solar™ is dedicated to delivering the highest quality solar photovoltaic panels and products that both benefit the environment by reducing your carbon footprint while enhancing the look of your property - whether a home, a business, or real estate development project. Colored Solar™ products are an investment in great design. We want to be part of a better, more beautiful energy future for us all. Colored Solar™ is located in Los [...]
3 YRS
Solar Electric America
Solar Electric America, headquartered in Richmond, Virginia, is the only 12V, and one of a very few 24V solar panel manufacturing companies in the USA. The principal of our company started, many years ago, in the solar industry with his local installation company. We know first hand what it is like to need very scarce 12V panels for a project and realize the only options are buying very expensive panels in the United States or buying a container [...]
HAWKER® is the largest brand of industrial lead-acid batteries in the world. HAWKER® has manufacturing, assembly, and sales capabilities world-wide – with product solutions that are the moving force behind applications as diverse as telecommunications, aircraft, UPS systems, and submarines. We offer the broadest range of power solution products in the industry, and provides the experts to turn those solutions into real cost savings in each [...]
3 YRS
Giga Solar FPC, Inc
Giga Solar is a product development company specializing in lightweight, high-power solar photovoltaic systems.
GOAL ZERO ISN'T JUST A COMPANY, IT'S A BUSINESS CREATED BY PEOPLE WHO LIVE LIFE TO ITS FULLEST
United States
The Solar Potential of USA
According to a 1998 report by the United States Department of Energy, it has been discovered that available domestic solar energy, including biomass, was technically accessible regardless of cost amounted to 586,687 Quadrillion BTUs (Quads). Of that number, 95% was biomass. Coal represented the second largest resource, with 38,147 Quads. Predictions of how much solar power was economically possible to collect added up to 352 quads, compared with 5,266 quads from coal.
All the estimations that were used in the report were based on a prediction that the price of a barrel oil would become $38 in 2010. Additionally, they were also based on multiplied annual renewable resources by 30 for comparison with non-renewable resources. In 2007, the total annual energy consumption of the United States was about 100 Quads, which was less than 0.5% of what is theoretically available from sunlight.
Moreover, in 2012, a report from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) described the technically available renewable energy resources for each state. In addition to that, the report estimated that urban utility-scale photovoltaics could supply 2,232 TWh per year, rural utility-scale PV 280,613 TWh per year, rooftop PV 818 TWh per year, and CSP 116,146 TWh per year. All these amounted for a total of almost 400,000 TWh per year, which was 100 times the current consumption of 3,856 TWh in 2011. For comparison, at the time, onshore wind potential was estimated at 32,784 TWh per year, offshore wind at 16,976 TWh per year, and the total available from all renewable resources was estimated at 481,963 TWh per year.
United States Government Support
A complete list of incentives can be found at the Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy (DSIRE). A lot of solar power systems are grid-connected and use net metering laws to allow the use of electricity in the evening that was generated during the daytime. New Jersey is the state with the least restrictive net metering law while California is the one that has the most number of homes that have solar panels installed.
Many were installed because of the million solar roofs initiative, which entails a vision introduced back in 2007 where solar PV panels are to be installed on an additional million rooftops of home or businesses in the state of California by 2018.
In some states, like Florida, solar power is subject to legal restrictions that discourage its use.
Federal Tax Credit
The federal tax credit for solar was extended for eight years as part of the financial bailout bill, H.R. 1424, until the end of 2016. It was predicted that this will create about 440,000 jobs and 28 GW of solar power. Additionally, it was also predicted that this will lead to a $300 billion market for solar panels. This prediction did not take into account the removal of the $2,000 cap on residential tax credits at the end of 2008.
Moreover, a 30% tax credit is available for residential and commercial installations. For 2009 through 2011, this was a 30% grant instead of a tax credit, and at the time, it was known as the 1603 grant program.
The federal Residential Energy Efficient Property Credit, an income tax credit on IRS Form 5695, for residential PV and solar thermal was extended in December 2015 to remain at 30% of system cost (parts and installations) for systems that are put into service by the end of 2019, then 26% until the end of 2020, and then 22% until the end of 2021. This applies to a taxpayer’s principal and/or second residences, but this can’t be applied to a property that is rented out. There is no maximum cap on the credit, and the credit can be applied toward the Alternative Minimum Tax. Any excess credit (greater than that year’s tax liability) can be rolled into the following year.
The solar industry and utilities clashed extensively on renewal, but the solar industry won. The renewal is expected to add $38 billion of investment for 20 GW of solar.
Section 1603 Grants
President Barack Obama’s stimulus bill in 2009 created a program known as Section 1603 grants. This program was designed so as to give federal grants to solar companies for 30% of investments into solar energy. Since 2009, the federal government has given solar companies $25 billion in grant money through this program. However, the Section 1603 grant program expired in 2011.
The United States Treasury Department has been investigating solar companies for potential fraud since 2013. The department promised a report by June 2015, but the report had not been released as of 2016.
Solar America Initiative
The United States Department of Energy (DOE) announced on September 29, 2008, that it will invest $17.6 million, subject to annual appropriations, in six company-led, early-stage PV projects under the Solar America Initiative’s “PV Incubator” funding opportunity. The PV Incubator project is designed to fund prototype PV components and systems with the goal of moving them through the commercialization process by 2010. The 2008 award is the second funding opportunity released under the PV Incubator project. With the cost-share from the industry, which is at least 20%, up to $35.4 million would be invested in these projects. These projects would run for 18 months and are subcontracted through DOE’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Most of the projects were to receive up to $3 million in funding, except Solasta and Spire Semiconductor which would receive up to $2.6 million and $2.97 million, respectively. Some of the projects under this initiative include:
- Massachusetts-based 1366 Technologies developing a new cell architecture for low-cost, multi-crystalline silicon cells, which will enhance cell performance through improved light-trapping texturing and grooves for self-aligned metallization fingers
- California’s Innovalight using ink-jet printing to transfer their “silicon ink” onto thin-crystalline silicon wafers so as to produce high-efficiency and low-cost solar cells and modules
- Skyline Solar, also in California, developing an integrated, lightweight, and single-axis tracked system that reflects and concentrates sunlight over 10 times onto silicon cells
- Solasta, in Massachusetts, working on a novel cell design that increases currents and lowers materials cost
- Solexel, another California-based company, commercializing a disruptive, 3D high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon cell technology that dramatically reduces manufacturing cost per watt
- Spire Semiconductor in New Hampshire developing three-junction tandem solar cells that better optimize the optical properties of their device layers. This company is targeting cell efficiencies over 42% using a low-cost manufacturing method.
The PV Incubator project is part of the Solar America Initiative (SAI), which plans to make solar energy cost-competitive with conventional forms of electricity by 2015 (grid parity).
The U.S. Department of Energy Solar Energy Technology Program (SETP) will achieve the goals of the SAI through partnerships and strategic alliances by focusing mainly on four areas. These are:
- Market Transformation: activities that address marketplace barriers and offer the chance for market expansion
- Device and Process Proof of Concept: R&D activities addressing novel devices or processes with a potentially significant performance or cost advantages
- Component Prototype and Pilot-Scale Production: R&D activities emphasizing the development of prototype PV components or systems that are produced at pilot-scale with demonstrated cost, reliability, or performance advantages
- System Development and Manufacturing: collaborative R&D activities among industry and university partners to develop and improve solar energy technologies
Another thing that is a part of the Solar America Initiative is the Solar America Showcase. For this activity, preference is given to large-scale, highly visible, and highly replicable installations that involve cutting-edge solar technologies or novel applications of solar.
SunShot Initiative
Announced by the Department of Energy in 2011, the SunShot Initiative aims to reduce the cost of solar power by 75% from 2010 to 2020. In great detail, this initiative’s goals are as follows:
- Residential system prices reduced from $6/W to $1.50/W
- Commercial system prices reduced from $5/W to $1.25/W
- Utility-scale system prices reduced from $4/W to $1/W (CSP, CPV, and PV)
Additionally, the Department of Energy announced a $29 million investment in four projects that would help advance affordable and reliable clean energy for American families and businesses. The $29 million would be separated into two investments:
- $21 million investment over five years to design plug-and-play PV systems that can be purchased, installed, and operational in one day
- $8 million investment in two projects to help utilities and grid operators better forecast when, where, and how much solar power will be produced at U.S. solar energy plants
Other projects under the SunShot Initiative are the following:
- Fraunhofer USA’s Center for Sustainable Energy Systems in Cambridge, Massachusetts developing PV technologies that allow homeowners to easily select the right solar system for their house and install, wire and connect to the grid
- North Carolina State University leading a project to create standard PV components and system designs that can adapt simply to any residential roof and can be installed and connected to the grid quickly and efficiently
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Armonk, New York leading a new project based on the Watson computer system that uses big data processing and self-adjusting algorithms to integrate different prediction models and learning technologies
All these projects are working with the Department of Energy and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association to improve the accuracy of solar forecasts and share the results of this work with industry and academia.
State and Local
There have been numerous instances throughout the years that showcase the efforts that state and local government officials have undergone to make solar possible. The following are the most well-known of these instances:
- Governor Jerry Brown has signed legislation requiring California’s utilities to get 50% of their electricity from renewable energy sources by the end of 2030.
- The San Francisco Board of Supervisors passed solar incentives of up to $6,000 for homeowners and up to $10,000 for businesses. Applications for the program started on July 1, 2008. In April 2016, they passed a law that requires all new buildings below 10 stories to have rooftop solar panels. This made San Francisco the first major U.S. city to do so.
- In 2008, Berkeley initiated a revolutionary pilot program where homeowners are able to add the cost of solar panels to their property tax assessment and pay for them out of their electricity cost savings. In 2009, over a dozen states passed legislation allowing property tax financing. All in all, 27 states offer loans for solar projects.
- The California Solar Initiative has set a goal to create 3,000 MW of new, solar-produced electricity by 2016.
- New Hampshire has a $3,750 residential rebate program for up to 50% of system cost for systems less than 5 kWp ($6,000 from July 1, 2008, until 2010).
- Louisiana has a 50% tax credit up to $12,500 for the installation of a wind or solar system.
- New Jersey law provides new solar power installations with exemptions from the 7% state sales tax and from any increase in property assessment (local property tax increases), subject to certain registration requirements.
Feed-in Tariff
According to experience, a feed-in tariff is both the least expensive and the most effective means of developing solar power. This is because investors need certainty, and a feed-in tariff definitely gives them that.
California enacted a feed-in tariff that began on February 14, 2008, while Washington has a feed-in tariff of 15¢/kWh which increases to 54¢/kWh if components are manufactured in the state. Hawaii, Michigan, and Vermont also have feed-in tariffs.
In 2010, the Federal Energy Regulatory (FERC) ruled that states were able to implement above-market feed-in tariffs for specific technologies.
Solar Renewable Energy Certificates
In recent years, states that have passed the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) or the Renewable Electricity Standard (RES) laws have relied on the use of solar renewable energy certificates (SRECs) to meet state requirements. They have achieved this by adding a specific solar carve-out to the state RPS. The first SREC program was implemented in 2005 by New Jersey. Soon enough, this program has expanded to several other states, including Maryland, Delaware, Ohio, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania.
SREC offers many advantages, but one of its major problems is the lack of certainty for investors. A feed-in tariff provides a known return on investment, but an SREC program provides only a possible return of investment.
Power Purchase Agreement
In 2006, investors started offering free solar panel installation in return for a 25-year contract. They also began offering a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), which is a contract between two parties — one which generates electricity (the seller) and one which is looking to purchase electricity (the buyer).
By 2009, over 90% of commercial PV installed in the United States were installed using a PPA. About 90% of the PV installed in the United States is in states that specifically address PPAs.
New Construction Mandates
In March 2013, Lancaster California became the first U.S. city to mandate the inclusion of solar panels on new homes, requiring that every new housing development must average 1 kW per house.
PACE Financing
The Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Financing is a means of financing energy efficiency upgrades, disaster resiliency improvements, water conservation measures, or renewable energy installations of residential, commercial, and industrial property owners. This innovative financing arrangement lends money to a homeowner for a solar system, to be repaid via an additional tax assessment on the property for 20 years. This kind of financing arrangement allows the installation of the solar system at “relatively little up-front cost to the property owner.”
The principal feature of this program is that the balance of the loan is transferred to the new owners in the event the property is sold, and the loan is paid for entirely through electric bill savings. Unlike a mortgage loan, no funds are transferred when the property is sold — only the repayment obligation is transferred.
PACE programs are currently operating in eight states, California, Colorado, Florida, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, New York, and Wisconsin. Additionally, they are on hold in many other states.
Current Status of Solar Power in the United States
Published on June 2019, the report from the Solar Energy Industries Association and Wood Mackenzie Power and Renewables, a market research group, have discovered that the first quarter of 2019 was the strongest in the U.S. solar industry’s history. A total of 2.7 GW of solar capacity was added to the grid at this time.
Aside from that, new solar installations should grow 25% from 2018, thus amounting to 13.3 GW. This bounceback — after solar installations dipped 2% last year — was driven by larger-scale utility solar projects, which account for 61% of the first quarter’s growth.
This development is a remarkable change from what was expected last year when President Trump announced that he was putting tariffs on imported solar cells and modules. During this time, the industry was worried that the tariffs would hinder solar. However, solar installations shot past the 2-million mark this year instead.
Moreover, the industry expects this growth to continue well past 2019. A number of U.S. utilities have solar projects in the works, and they should be a reality by 2024. And both residential and non-residential solar markets have grown tremendously over the years. Overall, solar power in the United States is currently on an uphill climb.
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