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Creating a world sustained by clean energy requires education, transparency, and trust. At SolarCellz USA, we invest in business solutions to reduce customer risk and the partner education that empowers their decision-making. We’re building smarter customers and a smarter marketplace.
- MPPT Charge Controller, Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Grid Tie Inverters, Mobile Inverters, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
Earthtech is the go-to partner for businesses and organizations that want to cut operating costs, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and support a cleaner, healthier environment. Headquartered in Ontario, CA, the Company is led by a highly-experienced team of engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) experts that have developed over 3,000 commercial and residential solar projects over the last decade. Products and services Earthtech [...]
- Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
29 YRS
SEPCO - Solar Electric Power Company
We are helping the world go green by taking the lights off the grid.
SEPCO is an environmentally conscious company that manufactures solar LED lighting and off-grid solar power systems. We are helping the world shift from traditional to renewable energy sources for their outdoor lighting and remote power needs. With our solar LED lighting systems, you can save as much as 75% on energy costs, reduce your carbon footprint, and never worry about blackouts again! Our solar lighting and power systems have a variety of [...]
- MPPT Charge Controller, Gel Battery, Solar Generator, Solar Street Light, Solar Flood Light, Solar Traffic Signs
- United States
- United States
1 YRS
Source Energy Developers LLC
Introduce the US and world to Advanced Energy Storage with our solid state graphene supercapacitors.
Source Energy Developers is a full-service, solutions-based green energy company that services companies and households nationwide. We are headquartered in Denver, Colorado, and have over 30 years of experience in green energy solutions. An engineering agnostic approach gives us a wide range of expertise from installation, maintenance programs, inspections, and efficiency. We are proud to state our scope can withhold any size facility no matter [...]
Solar Energy Distributors
Our team of professionals has extensive experience in the industry, and we take pride in our commitment to helping customers make informed decisions about their energy needs.
Solar Energy Distributors is an innovative company dedicated to providing the highest quality solar power products to businesses and individuals. Our team of professionals has extensive experience in the industry, and we take pride in our commitment to helping customers make informed decisions about their energy needs. We offer a wide range of solar panel systems, inverters, batteries, and more from leading manufacturers. With our expertise and [...]
- Charge Controllers, Solar Battery, Solar inverter
- United States
- United States
AMVET Clean Power LLC
Maximizing our veteran network to provide green power solutions for Industrial, Commercial, and Residential sectors throughout the nation.
AMVET Clean Power provides residential solar sales and installation throughout the Omaha, Nebraska and Western Iowa region bringing skills and leadership developed through our military service to bring you the highest safety, quality, focus, sense of urgency and accountability you will ever find in the industry.
- Mounting System, PV System Design, Solar Battery, Solar Generator, Solar inverter, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
2 YRS
Bleu Solar Warehouse
With over a decade of combined industry experience and expertises, Bleu Solar is a global leading solar distributor headquartered in Florida. All of our products are sourced from Tier 1, certified reputable brands and internally inspected by our specialist through a rigorous process for any defects, wear and tears, and/or missing parts.
- Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- United States
Solar Penny is a distributor and online seller of solar and electrical supplies in Mesa, Arizona providing their customers with high quality products that can be shipped across the [...]
- Charge Controllers, Mounting System, Rail Mounting System, PV Cable, Solar Battery, Battery Cable, Solar inverter, Solar Panel, Mono, Thin Film
- United States
- United States
Zonna Energy is a full-service distributor of solar equipment to installers and dealers across North America and the Caribbean. With decades of combined experience in off-grid solar installs, the Zonna team understands the frustrations inherent to getting the perfect combination of Solar Panels, Batteries, Racking, Inverters, and Charge Controllers for each project.
- Charge Controllers, Solar Battery, Flooded Lead Acid Battery, Gel Battery, Lithium-Ion Battery, Solar inverter, Power Optimizers
- United States
- United States
Power Sonic has over 50 years experience as a leading force within the battery industry. From our inception in 1970 our focus has been the design, manufacture and distribution of innovative battery solutions. Our battery products are used worldwide for a broad range of electronic and industrial applications, our key markets include life safety, medical, utilities and infrastructure, Powersports and industrial automation. We are constantly [...]
FranklinWH is focused on energy management solutions providing safety, reliability and energy independence for homes. Franklin Home Power (FHP) is a whole-home energy management system integrating solar, battery, grid and generator power sources and managing them to optimize the safety, reliability and efficiency of home energy. The FHP is designed for simplicity and is easy to install, maintain and operate. FranklinWH is a research-driven [...]
3 YRS
Usol Energy
We develops, manufactures, and delivers the world’s most reliable and cost-effective solar energy solutions. Our goal is to provide reliable access, from private residences to global corporations, to nature's cleanest and most abundant energy source.
East Penn began as a dream of the Breidegam family. In 1946, DeLight Jr., a young Air Force veteran, started a battery business with his father, DeLight Sr. The location of their business was a small, one-room creamery in the village of Bowers, PA. Wartime made for scarce battery materials, but there was big demand for rebuilt batteries so returning GIs could get their vehicles running again. DeLight and his father filled that need by collecting [...]
SanTan Solar is a family-owned and operated business. When Bob and Minnie started SanTan Solar, they were working in the electronic refurbishing industry. One day, they came across some used solar panels that were sent to be recycled. Bob, an engineer, realized these solar panels could be repaired instead of just recycled and ground to dust. They offer a broad selection of products with a commitment to complete customer satisfaction, from [...]
- Charge Controllers, MPPT Charge Controller, Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Grid Tie Inverters, Inverter Remote, Off Grid Inverters, Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- United States
Northern Arizona Wind & Sun is a family owned and operated business located in Flagstaff, AZ since 1979. Many of their first projects were installing 30 watt solar panels on hogans on the Navajo reservation, where the nearest power line was often 50+ miles away, along with the nearest paved road. Their years of hands-on experience and education have become assets of company as it continues to grow. Whether you need a pumping system, an [...]
- Mounting System, Ground Mount Systems, Pole Mount, Rail Mounting System, Solar Battery, Battery Cable, Battery Chargers, Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- United States
ACO Solar is a top online distributor of solar panels, inverters, batteries, charge controllers, trackers & racking for residential and commercial projects. They work with most top solar manufacturers and select the best popular solar equipment with wholesale price and customized solutions for individuals, installers, contractors and distributors across the globe. Now we ship solar equipment more than 50 countries.
- Charge Controllers, Mounting System, Ground Mount Systems, Solar Battery, Battery Chargers, Solar inverter, Grid Tie Inverters, Microinverter, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
POWERSYNC Energy Solutions, LLC is a U.S. based, family owned company that designs and manufactures reliable advanced energy storage products. We utilize new, reliable and cost effective technologies to develop end-to-end solutions. POWERSYNC’s products include modular energy storage in both lithium and VRLA battery technologies and our integrated systems help homes and businesses to achieve true energy independence. Our mobile power products [...]
ACOPower is an established company based in Los Angeles dedicated to providing off-grid and portable power solutions to the market. The team members strive to satisfy the needs of our diverse group of customers ranging from campers, RV or boat owners, survivalists to disaster relief workers. With 9 years of experience, we are confident that you will enjoy our new product and we can’t wait to hear what you think!
With 2021 sales and revenues of $51.0 billion, Caterpillar Inc. is the world’s leading manufacturer of construction and mining equipment, off-highway diesel and natural gas engines, industrial gas turbines and diesel-electric locomotives. For nearly 100 years, we’ve been helping customers build a better, more sustainable world and are committed and contributing to a reduced-carbon future. Our innovative products and services, backed by our [...]
As a solar module manufacturer, we are on a mission: we want to build trust in solar energy. We want to live sustainably. We want to fight climate change. We want to start today. And we want to show you how you can be part of the solution. Join us in a journey to change the world. Every day, EA is at work for customers all over the world. Long-term reliability and quality have been at the core of our mission from the start. In fact, EA solar [...]
The PowerStore Inc supplies power solutions to many different market sectors; Off-Grid, Solar, Telecom, Marine, Industrial, Automotive, Supply Chain, Military and many more. All products go through testing and are signed off by their technical team before they reach the warehouse. As a well-established company, we supply products around the world.
- Rail Mounting System, Solar Battery, Battery Chargers, Lead-acid Battery, Lithium-Ion Battery, Microinverter, Off Grid Inverters, Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- United States
MiaSolé is a producer of lightweight, flexible and powerful solar cells and cell manufacturing equipment. The innovative solar cell is based on the highest efficiency thin film technology available today, and its flexible cell architecture makes it ideal for a wide variety of solutions ranging from commercial roofing solar panels to portable mobile devices. MiaSolé’s turnkey CIGS equipment lines, CIGS process equipment technology, [...]
- Solar Battery, Battery Chargers, Solar Panel, Thin Film
- United States
- United States
High Sierra Electronics, an AEM brand, is focused on customer satisfaction. We believe that our success is determined by what we help our customers achieve. We have a longstanding reputation for our business integrity, engineering expertise, product reliability, and professional service. Our customers know they can rely on our commitment to provide solutions that support them on their mission. Since 1992, we have been designing and manufacturing [...]
CE+T Power designs, manufactures and markets a range of products for industrial operators with mission critical applications, who are not satisfied with existing AC backup systems performances, and related maintenance costs. CE+T is a multinational conglomerate of companies that creates, through an efficient and collaborative environment, advanced solutions to ensure peace of mind of its customers and the future of our planet. Since 1934, our [...]
For more than a decade our Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries have been the safest and highest quality lithium batteries ever produced. With a nearly ZERO failure rate and ZERO safety issues in over 12 years, our batteries come with a 100% money back guarantee and a limited lifetime warranty. Approved by Boeing, NASA, and Jet Propulsion Laboratories for their safety and approved by the United States Navy for their reliability, Chargex Lithium Ion [...]
CyberPower designs and manufactures uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, power distribution units (PDUs), rack enclosures, surge protectors, remote management hardware, power management software, mobile chargers, and connectivity products. The company serves customers in enterprise, corporate, government, education, and small office/home office environments. Engineered to meet demanding requirements and exceed international safety and [...]
3 YRS
Trenerg LLC
Trenerg is focused on providing consulting services for renewable energy solutions and climate change. Our expertise spans project development, business development, and climate change policy analysis. We have the capability to deliver at every phase of a project, from the early stages of site selection, feasibility and design, all the way through to project management of the construction phase, as well as, operation and maintenance. We are [...]
SOK battery is a leading manufacturer and supplier of lithium iron phosphate batteries (LifePO4). Established five years ago by a team of 3 engineers from CALB, we at SOK have provided our satisfied customers with more than 130000 pieces of cells and 14000 sets of battery packs and received good feedback from them. We design the battery management system, assemble and produce the battery pack by ourselves. We have also established cooperation [...]
Established in 2008, Solarland USA Corporation (“Solarland USA”) is a leading supplier and distributor of solar solutions and associated balance of system components in the North American market. Our office and warehouse are conveniently situated in the Greater Los Angeles Area offering an inventory abundance of panels, controllers, mounts, cables, and other system components with immediate delivery.
Accurate Battery is based in Miami, Florida with a commitment to provide you with the best battery products and services in the industry. They offer a wide range of solar batteries which provide energy storage for solar, wind, and many other renewable energy systems. Accurate Battery is based in Miami, Florida with a commitment to provide you with the best products and services in the industry. With over 40 years of experience in motive power [...]
- Solar Battery, Battery Chargers, Lithium-Ion Battery
- United States
- United States
DC Battery Specialists (a division of DC Marine Systems, Inc.) is an established Miami, Florida, USA, based battery supplier. DC Battery celebrates more than forty (40) years of service as a battery supplier to North America, the Caribbean, South & Central America and the world.
Pines Energy Solutions is a leader distributor of solar energy equipment offering the best service, value, and products. They are not only experts on the current photovoltaic technologies and products, but they are also exceptionally experienced managing the logistics-side of the job, exporting to Latin America and the Caribbean and have gathered over 20 years of experience in the renewable energy field.
- Solar Battery, Flooded Lead Acid Battery, Lead-acid Battery, Solar inverter, Grid Tie Inverters, Inverter Accessories, Solar Panel, Mono, Solar Water Pump
- United States
- United States
SALT Service Inc. provides alternative energy solutions & reliable, efficient appliances to South Florida & Caribbean residential & motor coach clients. Looking to learn about the latest and greatest in self-sustaining lifestyles and renewable energy technologies? Throughout SALT’s evolution, we have maintained a tradition of providing training seminars at various facilities and at our own shop in Marathon. We also offer webinars [...]
- Solar Battery, Flooded Lead Acid Battery, Gel Battery, Lead-acid Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
Royal Battery offers both high-quality, reliable products, and a customer-first approach to service. Some of its major products are batteries, chargers and accessories.
- Solar Battery, Gel Battery, Lead-acid Battery, Lithium-Ion Battery, Solar inverter, Hybrid Inverters, Off Grid Inverters
- United States
- United States
Solar Wholesale LLC diligently seek out new and more money saving options to offer more solar savings to give everyone the opportunity to make the simple switch to solar regardless of the budget they have. They offer large inventory of new and used solar panels from top rated companies.We diligently seek out new and more money saving options to offer more solar savings to give everyone the opportunity to make the simple switch to solar [...]
- Solar Battery, Flooded Lead Acid Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- United States
Kilowatt Labs, headquartered in New York City, has invented and manufactures two groundbreaking technologies - Sirius supercap storage is a degradation free, longer-life, faster charging, safer, cheaper and more environmentally friendly alternative to chemical batteries and Centauri energy server which is a stand-alone, integrated, power electronics hardware + software platform enabling fossil fuel free microgrids.
Amber Kinetics is the industry-leader in manufacturing grid-scale kinetic energy storage systems (KESS). As the only provider of long-duration flywheel energy storage, Amber Kinetics extends the duration and efficiency of flywheels from minutes to hours—resulting in safe, economical
and reliable energy storage.
STSS has completed more than 900 projects since inception in 2007. With eleven years of experience in residential and commercial solar, STSS is one of the best solar energy providers in Texas.
- Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- United States
WindyNation manufactures components for small wind & solar generators, with an emphasis on the growing community of do-it-yourselfers (DIYers) interested in doing more than just learning--but also doing!
- Charge Controllers, PV Cable, Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel, Mono, Poly
- United States
- United States
RENON Power Technology Inc. is an original American enterprise with a global view. With independent R&D capabilities and dedication to ESS solutions, RENON is a leading BMS, ESS, module, and monitoring system supplier. Our business scope integrates R&D, Design, Production, and Sales. Based in America, we also have several sales offices, product centers, joint-venture factories, and wholly-owned subsidiaries around the world. RENON is committed [...]
Thank you for contacting Atlantis Solar and Wind. Our products are becoming very popular throughout the world and we will be in over 80 countries by the end of this year, with the help of our strategic associate partners worldwide. Since 1988, we have catapulted from its status as an unknown start-up businesses to one of the most reputable, visible and trustworthy names in technology integration, wind energy and solar technology, known today as [...]
e RV is a distributor of Solar Panels, and charge controller products including complete installation kits, control panels, high output alternators, inverters, chargers, isolators, combiners and batteries for the RV, Camping and remote home/ off-grid markets. They assist RV, remote cabin or campers/ owners/mechanics to determine power system needs and then help size/supply the necessary components to provide a complete renewable energy system.
- Mounting System, RV Mount, Roof Mount Systems, Solar Battery, Battery Chargers, Solar Panel, Mono, Solar Roofs
- United States
- United States
FSP Group is one of the global leading power supply manufacturer. Since its establishment in 1993, FSP Group has followed the management conception “service, profession, and innovation” to continuously fulfill its responsibilities as a green energy resolution supplier. With the combination of its leading role in power supply technology and the cultivation of green energy field, FSP Group now provides more competitive quality products and [...]
Sunforge is the team behind the brands that you know and trust. We're committed to supporting your solar needs, from reliable products to unbeatable customer support.
If you compare the price you are paying for electricity Today to what you where paying two years ago. Depending on where you live you have seen that it has gone up from 8% to 25%. Although the Price per Kilowatt has only gone up around 2% the total cost of your Electric bill had gone up 14% to 30%. If you have a modest electric bill, say $130.00 a month. you will pay $1,565.69 a year for electricity, when you take in to account 10% per year [...]
Solectria Renewables, LLC was established in 2005 by founders Anita and James Worden, as a spinoff of Solectria Corporation, their electric and hybrid vehicle business. The new company focused on the design and manufacture of premium high efficiency and reliable power electronics for renewable power generation, and grew into the leading commercial solar inverter manufacturer in the USA. In 2014 Solectria Renewables was acquired by Yaskawa [...]
Kurt Krannich was always convinced by the idea of using solar power to generate electricity. A practical thinker and theoretical researcher rolled into one. The trading company thus rose to become one of the leading names on the global photovoltaic market. Today Krannich focuses its operations on the distribution of all components that make up a PV system. Our primary features are our roster of longstanding partners, our smart technology, our [...]
- Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
Fascinated by the thought of producing my own energy and raising a family of 4 (3 girls), I was drawn to the world of photo voltaics. ONE BIG PROBLEM, WOW who could afford it? Not me, that’s for sure. But I’m a pretty handy guy with a background in construction, so all I had to do was to find the equipment right? Well none of the local installers wanted to sell me the equipment or have anything to do with me, so I set out to start finding it [...]
- Mounting System, Module Testers, Solar Battery
- United States
- United States
ECO-WORTHY solar is manufacturers and wholesalers of solar panels and renewable energy products since 2007. It was founded by several eco-friendly impassioned engineers and had achieved significant progress ever since that time. We have 15 patented technologies and have realized the specialization of production and the scale of warehouse. We owns complete line of home solar power system, solar panel, solar panel kits and solar system component [...]
- Solar Battery, Solar inverter, Solar Panel
- United States
- United States
United States
The Solar Potential of USA
According to a 1998 report by the United States Department of Energy, it has been discovered that available domestic solar energy, including biomass, was technically accessible regardless of cost amounted to 586,687 Quadrillion BTUs (Quads). Of that number, 95% was biomass. Coal represented the second largest resource, with 38,147 Quads. Predictions of how much solar power was economically possible to collect added up to 352 quads, compared with 5,266 quads from coal.
All the estimations that were used in the report were based on a prediction that the price of a barrel oil would become $38 in 2010. Additionally, they were also based on multiplied annual renewable resources by 30 for comparison with non-renewable resources. In 2007, the total annual energy consumption of the United States was about 100 Quads, which was less than 0.5% of what is theoretically available from sunlight.
Moreover, in 2012, a report from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) described the technically available renewable energy resources for each state. In addition to that, the report estimated that urban utility-scale photovoltaics could supply 2,232 TWh per year, rural utility-scale PV 280,613 TWh per year, rooftop PV 818 TWh per year, and CSP 116,146 TWh per year. All these amounted for a total of almost 400,000 TWh per year, which was 100 times the current consumption of 3,856 TWh in 2011. For comparison, at the time, onshore wind potential was estimated at 32,784 TWh per year, offshore wind at 16,976 TWh per year, and the total available from all renewable resources was estimated at 481,963 TWh per year.
United States Government Support
A complete list of incentives can be found at the Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy (DSIRE). A lot of solar power systems are grid-connected and use net metering laws to allow the use of electricity in the evening that was generated during the daytime. New Jersey is the state with the least restrictive net metering law while California is the one that has the most number of homes that have solar panels installed.
Many were installed because of the million solar roofs initiative, which entails a vision introduced back in 2007 where solar PV panels are to be installed on an additional million rooftops of home or businesses in the state of California by 2018.
In some states, like Florida, solar power is subject to legal restrictions that discourage its use.
Federal Tax Credit
The federal tax credit for solar was extended for eight years as part of the financial bailout bill, H.R. 1424, until the end of 2016. It was predicted that this will create about 440,000 jobs and 28 GW of solar power. Additionally, it was also predicted that this will lead to a $300 billion market for solar panels. This prediction did not take into account the removal of the $2,000 cap on residential tax credits at the end of 2008.
Moreover, a 30% tax credit is available for residential and commercial installations. For 2009 through 2011, this was a 30% grant instead of a tax credit, and at the time, it was known as the 1603 grant program.
The federal Residential Energy Efficient Property Credit, an income tax credit on IRS Form 5695, for residential PV and solar thermal was extended in December 2015 to remain at 30% of system cost (parts and installations) for systems that are put into service by the end of 2019, then 26% until the end of 2020, and then 22% until the end of 2021. This applies to a taxpayer’s principal and/or second residences, but this can’t be applied to a property that is rented out. There is no maximum cap on the credit, and the credit can be applied toward the Alternative Minimum Tax. Any excess credit (greater than that year’s tax liability) can be rolled into the following year.
The solar industry and utilities clashed extensively on renewal, but the solar industry won. The renewal is expected to add $38 billion of investment for 20 GW of solar.
Section 1603 Grants
President Barack Obama’s stimulus bill in 2009 created a program known as Section 1603 grants. This program was designed so as to give federal grants to solar companies for 30% of investments into solar energy. Since 2009, the federal government has given solar companies $25 billion in grant money through this program. However, the Section 1603 grant program expired in 2011.
The United States Treasury Department has been investigating solar companies for potential fraud since 2013. The department promised a report by June 2015, but the report had not been released as of 2016.
Solar America Initiative
The United States Department of Energy (DOE) announced on September 29, 2008, that it will invest $17.6 million, subject to annual appropriations, in six company-led, early-stage PV projects under the Solar America Initiative’s “PV Incubator” funding opportunity. The PV Incubator project is designed to fund prototype PV components and systems with the goal of moving them through the commercialization process by 2010. The 2008 award is the second funding opportunity released under the PV Incubator project. With the cost-share from the industry, which is at least 20%, up to $35.4 million would be invested in these projects. These projects would run for 18 months and are subcontracted through DOE’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Most of the projects were to receive up to $3 million in funding, except Solasta and Spire Semiconductor which would receive up to $2.6 million and $2.97 million, respectively. Some of the projects under this initiative include:
- Massachusetts-based 1366 Technologies developing a new cell architecture for low-cost, multi-crystalline silicon cells, which will enhance cell performance through improved light-trapping texturing and grooves for self-aligned metallization fingers
- California’s Innovalight using ink-jet printing to transfer their “silicon ink” onto thin-crystalline silicon wafers so as to produce high-efficiency and low-cost solar cells and modules
- Skyline Solar, also in California, developing an integrated, lightweight, and single-axis tracked system that reflects and concentrates sunlight over 10 times onto silicon cells
- Solasta, in Massachusetts, working on a novel cell design that increases currents and lowers materials cost
- Solexel, another California-based company, commercializing a disruptive, 3D high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon cell technology that dramatically reduces manufacturing cost per watt
- Spire Semiconductor in New Hampshire developing three-junction tandem solar cells that better optimize the optical properties of their device layers. This company is targeting cell efficiencies over 42% using a low-cost manufacturing method.
The PV Incubator project is part of the Solar America Initiative (SAI), which plans to make solar energy cost-competitive with conventional forms of electricity by 2015 (grid parity).
The U.S. Department of Energy Solar Energy Technology Program (SETP) will achieve the goals of the SAI through partnerships and strategic alliances by focusing mainly on four areas. These are:
- Market Transformation: activities that address marketplace barriers and offer the chance for market expansion
- Device and Process Proof of Concept: R&D activities addressing novel devices or processes with a potentially significant performance or cost advantages
- Component Prototype and Pilot-Scale Production: R&D activities emphasizing the development of prototype PV components or systems that are produced at pilot-scale with demonstrated cost, reliability, or performance advantages
- System Development and Manufacturing: collaborative R&D activities among industry and university partners to develop and improve solar energy technologies
Another thing that is a part of the Solar America Initiative is the Solar America Showcase. For this activity, preference is given to large-scale, highly visible, and highly replicable installations that involve cutting-edge solar technologies or novel applications of solar.
SunShot Initiative
Announced by the Department of Energy in 2011, the SunShot Initiative aims to reduce the cost of solar power by 75% from 2010 to 2020. In great detail, this initiative’s goals are as follows:
- Residential system prices reduced from $6/W to $1.50/W
- Commercial system prices reduced from $5/W to $1.25/W
- Utility-scale system prices reduced from $4/W to $1/W (CSP, CPV, and PV)
Additionally, the Department of Energy announced a $29 million investment in four projects that would help advance affordable and reliable clean energy for American families and businesses. The $29 million would be separated into two investments:
- $21 million investment over five years to design plug-and-play PV systems that can be purchased, installed, and operational in one day
- $8 million investment in two projects to help utilities and grid operators better forecast when, where, and how much solar power will be produced at U.S. solar energy plants
Other projects under the SunShot Initiative are the following:
- Fraunhofer USA’s Center for Sustainable Energy Systems in Cambridge, Massachusetts developing PV technologies that allow homeowners to easily select the right solar system for their house and install, wire and connect to the grid
- North Carolina State University leading a project to create standard PV components and system designs that can adapt simply to any residential roof and can be installed and connected to the grid quickly and efficiently
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Armonk, New York leading a new project based on the Watson computer system that uses big data processing and self-adjusting algorithms to integrate different prediction models and learning technologies
All these projects are working with the Department of Energy and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association to improve the accuracy of solar forecasts and share the results of this work with industry and academia.
State and Local
There have been numerous instances throughout the years that showcase the efforts that state and local government officials have undergone to make solar possible. The following are the most well-known of these instances:
- Governor Jerry Brown has signed legislation requiring California’s utilities to get 50% of their electricity from renewable energy sources by the end of 2030.
- The San Francisco Board of Supervisors passed solar incentives of up to $6,000 for homeowners and up to $10,000 for businesses. Applications for the program started on July 1, 2008. In April 2016, they passed a law that requires all new buildings below 10 stories to have rooftop solar panels. This made San Francisco the first major U.S. city to do so.
- In 2008, Berkeley initiated a revolutionary pilot program where homeowners are able to add the cost of solar panels to their property tax assessment and pay for them out of their electricity cost savings. In 2009, over a dozen states passed legislation allowing property tax financing. All in all, 27 states offer loans for solar projects.
- The California Solar Initiative has set a goal to create 3,000 MW of new, solar-produced electricity by 2016.
- New Hampshire has a $3,750 residential rebate program for up to 50% of system cost for systems less than 5 kWp ($6,000 from July 1, 2008, until 2010).
- Louisiana has a 50% tax credit up to $12,500 for the installation of a wind or solar system.
- New Jersey law provides new solar power installations with exemptions from the 7% state sales tax and from any increase in property assessment (local property tax increases), subject to certain registration requirements.
Feed-in Tariff
According to experience, a feed-in tariff is both the least expensive and the most effective means of developing solar power. This is because investors need certainty, and a feed-in tariff definitely gives them that.
California enacted a feed-in tariff that began on February 14, 2008, while Washington has a feed-in tariff of 15¢/kWh which increases to 54¢/kWh if components are manufactured in the state. Hawaii, Michigan, and Vermont also have feed-in tariffs.
In 2010, the Federal Energy Regulatory (FERC) ruled that states were able to implement above-market feed-in tariffs for specific technologies.
Solar Renewable Energy Certificates
In recent years, states that have passed the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) or the Renewable Electricity Standard (RES) laws have relied on the use of solar renewable energy certificates (SRECs) to meet state requirements. They have achieved this by adding a specific solar carve-out to the state RPS. The first SREC program was implemented in 2005 by New Jersey. Soon enough, this program has expanded to several other states, including Maryland, Delaware, Ohio, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania.
SREC offers many advantages, but one of its major problems is the lack of certainty for investors. A feed-in tariff provides a known return on investment, but an SREC program provides only a possible return of investment.
Power Purchase Agreement
In 2006, investors started offering free solar panel installation in return for a 25-year contract. They also began offering a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), which is a contract between two parties — one which generates electricity (the seller) and one which is looking to purchase electricity (the buyer).
By 2009, over 90% of commercial PV installed in the United States were installed using a PPA. About 90% of the PV installed in the United States is in states that specifically address PPAs.
New Construction Mandates
In March 2013, Lancaster California became the first U.S. city to mandate the inclusion of solar panels on new homes, requiring that every new housing development must average 1 kW per house.
PACE Financing
The Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Financing is a means of financing energy efficiency upgrades, disaster resiliency improvements, water conservation measures, or renewable energy installations of residential, commercial, and industrial property owners. This innovative financing arrangement lends money to a homeowner for a solar system, to be repaid via an additional tax assessment on the property for 20 years. This kind of financing arrangement allows the installation of the solar system at “relatively little up-front cost to the property owner.”
The principal feature of this program is that the balance of the loan is transferred to the new owners in the event the property is sold, and the loan is paid for entirely through electric bill savings. Unlike a mortgage loan, no funds are transferred when the property is sold — only the repayment obligation is transferred.
PACE programs are currently operating in eight states, California, Colorado, Florida, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, New York, and Wisconsin. Additionally, they are on hold in many other states.
Current Status of Solar Power in the United States
Published on June 2019, the report from the Solar Energy Industries Association and Wood Mackenzie Power and Renewables, a market research group, have discovered that the first quarter of 2019 was the strongest in the U.S. solar industry’s history. A total of 2.7 GW of solar capacity was added to the grid at this time.
Aside from that, new solar installations should grow 25% from 2018, thus amounting to 13.3 GW. This bounceback — after solar installations dipped 2% last year — was driven by larger-scale utility solar projects, which account for 61% of the first quarter’s growth.
This development is a remarkable change from what was expected last year when President Trump announced that he was putting tariffs on imported solar cells and modules. During this time, the industry was worried that the tariffs would hinder solar. However, solar installations shot past the 2-million mark this year instead.
Moreover, the industry expects this growth to continue well past 2019. A number of U.S. utilities have solar projects in the works, and they should be a reality by 2024. And both residential and non-residential solar markets have grown tremendously over the years. Overall, solar power in the United States is currently on an uphill climb.
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